TIME.CO, Jakarta – The boy is a global climate change phenomenon caused by warming sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific. El Nino will cause a decrease in rainfall or lead to a dry season, thus increasing the risk of disasters such as forest fires and drought.
“This disaster can cause health problems,” said Arti Novelia Trisnawati of the Ministry of Health’s Health Crisis Center in a webinar with Airlangga University on Friday, October 20, 2023.
Problems that arise include disruption of health services, mental health, injuries, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. El Nino also affects the development and survival of disease vectors, thus increasing the risk of diseases that have a strong impact on health.
“Significant increased disease risk includes malaria, dengue, diarrhea and respiratory tract infections,” Arti said.
There is also an increase in health problems related to climate change in Indonesia. These changes have a direct and indirect impact on health, particularly on disease incidence patterns. First, it causes climate-sensitive diseases. The cause of the increase in susceptible diseases is due to the increase or decrease in rainfall.
“This affects the dynamics of vector populations and malaria transmission in Indonesia,” he said.
Additionally, he said, El Nino can indirectly impact mental health. According to UNESCO research, humans experience emotional stress due to climate change.
“This psychological problem causes mental health problems such as anxiety, stress and depression,” said this member of the Unair alumni association.
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Beyond that, this is also linked to nutritional issues. The influence of El Nino is linked to malnutrition through the variable between food security and access to health services. “People who are infected with diseases such as malaria, but on the other hand have a non-supportive economy, will cause malnutrition,” Arti explained.
Efforts to overcome the impact of El Nino
Therefore, the Ministry of Health, through the Health Crisis Center of the Ministry of Health, is making numerous efforts to reduce the risk of a health crisis in dealing with the impact of El Nino.
This effort can be advanced by strengthening the public health index, improving environmental health, reducing the threat of hazard, increasing resource capacity, and strengthening health infrastructure so that it is resilient to natural, non-natural, and social risks.
In addition to this, several climate change adaptation efforts are underway to control health impacts due to El Nino. This includes mitigation and preparation to address climate change.
Adaptation efforts are carried out with the aim of reducing risk, increasing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience, reducing vulnerability through increasing literacy and implementing adaptive technology.
Prevention efforts can be advanced by providing routine vaccines, increasing the resilience of the pharmaceutical and medical equipment sectors, as well as strengthening national resilience and emergency response.
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