TIME.CO, Jakarta – Consequence of meteorological anomalies The boy It is estimated that it will still take place in Indonesia. The Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) estimates that El Nino conditions will continue until the end of October. Furthermore, in November there will be the transition from the dry to the rainy season.
El Nino is a climate phenomenon that can affect weather patterns in various regions. El Nino can have different impacts in all parts of the world. In Latin America, El Nino causes an increase in precipitation. But in Indonesia, El Nino causes a reduction in rainfall.
In simple terms, El Nino triggers drought conditions in Indonesia. El Nino means that the dry season in Indonesia will last a long time. So, what are the causes and impacts of El Nino that you should be wary of?
Causes of El Nino
El Nino occurs due to a natural phenomenon in the form of warming sea temperatures above normal conditions in the central Pacific Ocean. This warming of sea temperatures causes increased cloud growth in the region. As a result, rainfall in Indonesia has decreased.
On average, El Nino occurs once every 2-7 years and can last 18 months. However, climate change has caused the El Nino anomaly to increase to a frequency every 2-3 years. During an episode of El Nino. Normal patterns of tropical precipitation and atmospheric circulation will be disrupted, causing various extreme weather events around the world.
Dampak El Nino
El Nino, currently underway in Indonesia, has had a serious impact. Indonesia, which is located in a tropical region and crosses the country, has been affected by El Nino globally, from the fishing sector to the agricultural sector. Below are some impacts influenced by El Nino.
1. Drought
The main impact of El Nino is drought caused by reduced rainfall in several areas. Drought caused by El Nino can reduce the availability of water for irrigation and cause crop failure and a reduction in agricultural production. Because agricultural plants need sufficient water for optimal growth and production.
2. The quality of the plants decreases
Extreme weather conditions due to El Nino, such as high temperatures and lack of water, can cause a decrease in crop quality. Fruits and vegetables grown in less than ideal conditions tend to be smaller, taste less delicious, and are lower quality overall.
3. Production decreases
The impact of the El Nino drought has caused a decline in agricultural production in Indonesia. An El Nino event can disrupt planting and harvesting seasons, cause bad harvests, and reduce agricultural production, thus causing a food crisis in several areas.
4. Price instability
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Changes in agricultural production due to El Nino can cause instability in food commodity prices. If the harvest decreases or fails, the supply also decreases. This can cause price increases and an imbalance between supply and demand.
5. Sea level rise
El Nino causes an increase in sea water temperatures which impacts sea level rise in coastal areas. Sea level rise affects ecosystems, including seagrasses and coral reefs. Beyond that, El Nino can impact changes in fish biodiversity and the stability of fishing communities.
6. Erosion in coastal areas
A rise in sea levels will cause subsidence and erosion of coastal lands.
According to Lapan, in the period 2015-2022, land subsidence will occur in several coastal cities. DKI Jakarta recorded a decline of 0.1 – 8 centimeters per year. Cirebon City 0.28-4 cm per year, Pekalongan 2.1-11 cm per year, Semarang 0.9-6 cm per year, and Surabaya 0.3-4.3 cm per year.
RIZKI DEWI AYU | YONVITNER | TIME NEWSPAPER
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