TIME.CO, Jakarta – Researcher Associate Expert at the Center for Research on Climate and Atmosphere at the National Agency for Research and Innovation (BRIN) Ihsan Naufal Muafiry conducted research to determine the effects of changes in the atmosphere earthquakein particular the analysis of the ionospheric layer.
In addition to being affected by meteorological activity in space, according to Ihsan, the ionosphere is also sensitive to movements of the land mass such as earthquakes. “This research is actually focused on studying the ionospheric layer at an altitude of 100-500 kilometers from the Earth’s surface,” he told Tempo recently via text message.
Citing research by Cahyadi, a researcher in the Geomatics Engineering Department of Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia, and Kosuke Heki, a geophysicist at Hokkaido University, Japan, both wrote that when an earthquake occurred near the Aceh Sea in 2012, the VTEC (Vertical Total Electron Content) data there is a sudden fluctuation or increase a few minutes after the earthquake occurred.
Research by Kosuke Heki in 2011 revealed a few days after the great earthquake in Japan, an anomaly was found in the ionosphere 40 minutes before the earthquake. “Heki found that the increase in the ionosphere can be seen by the increase in the value of VTEC (Vertical Total Electron Content) 40 minutes before the earthquake,” said Ihsan.
Then, in 2013 Heki again conducted research on 18 earthquakes. And another anomaly was found minutes before the earthquake occurred. “The biggest was the Andaman Sumatra earthquake in 2004,” Ihsan said, known as the Aceh earthquake.
Ihsan said the results of the 3D tomography, which carefully used realistic counters and resolution tests, showed there were a couple of positive and negative anomalies in the ionosphere before the big quake, indicating a downward motion of electrons. .
“The ionosphere experiences an increase of electrons and also a decrease of electrons at different heights before a large earthquake which indicates that the electrons are moving from top to bottom,” said the man who graduated from the University’s PhD. Hokkaido University.
Announcement
According to him, the anomaly after a large earthquake in the ionosphere is located directly above the source of the tsunami. “We also get the spatial distribution of the anomaly after a large earthquake in the ionosphere located above the source of the tsunami. This indicates that it comes from acoustic waves,” he said.
Earthquake Clouds
It is often crowded when there are large earthquakes, both at home and abroad, associated with the appearance of clouds of unusual shape than usual. “There are no earthquake clouds directly related to this research,” she explained. This is because the height of the clouds is usually a few thousand meters from the surface compared to the ionosphere which reaches hundreds of kilometres.
This study suspects that the anomaly in the ionosphere before the earthquake occurred due to electric field propagation from the surface based on modeling by Kelley et al. in 2017. “He is one of the world’s ionospheric experts and suspects that this propagation may occur,” he explained.
On the one hand, there are also those who suspect that it occurred due to the propagation of the electric field from the surface. “So indirectly the two anomalies may be related because so far the trigger is suspected to be the same, namely the electric field propagating in the atmosphere,” Ihsan said.
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